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Vasectomy is a surgical procedure designed for male sterilization by cutting or sealing the vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra. The primary goal of vasectomy is to provide permanent contraception by preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation, thereby eliminating the possibility of fertilizing an egg. This procedure is typically chosen by men who have completed their families or who prefer a long-term, irreversible method of birth control. During the procedure, which is often performed under local anesthesia, a small incision is made in the scrotum to access the vas deferens. The surgeon then cuts and either ties, clips, or cauterizes the ends of the vas deferens to block the passage of sperm. In some cases, a no-scalpel technique is used, which involves making a tiny puncture rather than an incision. Although vasectomy is a highly effective form of contraception, it carries several potential risks and complications. Common complications include infection, bleeding, and pain at the surgical site. Some men may experience post-vasectomy syndrome, characterized by chronic pain and discomfort in the scrotum or testicles. There is also a risk of sperm leakage, which can lead to the formation of sperm granulomas, small lumps that may cause discomfort. Additionally, while vasectomy is intended to be permanent, there is a small chance of the vas deferens reconnecting over time, which could lead to unintended pregnancies. Post-operative care involves managing pain, monitoring for complications, and follow-up semen analyses to confirm the success of the procedure in preventing sperm from being present in the ejaculate.